You are quite right. The dimensions are not of the same proportions. If the ratio of the 24:10.75 that only expands your 14.25 to 32". You will have canvas not covered. You can expand the photo by the 36:14.25 ration but then you will have to crop about 3 inches off of your finished painting. I used to paint that way too. If you have any border in the picture, ie, stuff in the photograph that isn't critical and won't be missed if you leave it out I would go with the 36:14.25 ratio. It will just have the effect of a slightly larger blowup.

P.S. If you go that route. Use 2.5 as an approximate multiplier for dimensions in the photo. It leaves you a tiny bit short but you can fake the edges.

Wood Presents and Russian Painting in Art Shop Online

Originally Khokhloma wood tableware were produced in monasteries and for the czar court only. At that time Khokhloma tableware production was not large scale. It was because of expensive imported tin. In 1720s after the end of the North War tin flow to Russian increased. The price went down and the material came within reach of many masters. The production and the sales of brightly painted hand made art works expanded.

Thus in the XIX century items with khokhloma painting were famous not only in Russia but in Persia, India, Middle East, the USA and Australia as well. The export of khokhloma items grew after the worldwide exhibition in 1889 in Paris.

In 1916 Nizhegorodskoye Zemstvo established the first School for Wood-Working Arts and Crafts in Semyonov. The folk arts and folklore flourished in Volga region near Nizhny Novgorod province. No other territory in Russia could equal it in the number and originality of the folk arts and crafts that had sprang to life and were developed in the local communities. The Khokhloma art painting on wooden tableware is the type of Nizhny Novgorod folk art craft that became most popular in Russia and foreign countries.

The "grass-leaves" decorative ornaments and their peculiar color scheme suggest that the Khokhloma art is rooted in the ancient Russian decorative culture while the imitation of gilt ornaments on wood dates back to the medieval Russian handicraft skills. The painting technique has been somewhat upgraded but remains essentially the same as in the ancient time.
Khokhloma russian painting amazes you with its delicate grass pattern and festive coloring, which is based on combination of scarlet cinnabar and flittering gold against the black lacquer background. This is Khokhloma specific feature. Masters used tin powder and lacquer to obtain such gold color. Now they use aluminum powder.

First, the art tableware are shaped on a lathe from the dried lime wood, which are turned into bowls, vases, mugs, dishes and spoons.

They are dried and covered with red and brown primer, so that they start looking like earthen. The unpainted articles are now coated with drying oil. Next they are polished with powdered aluminium. They become dull shining, like silver, and go to the painting division. Painted articles are then varnished and hardened in ovens at the temperature of 120-130 degrees. The heat turns the varnish yellow, the "silver" into "gold" and mellows the vivid design with an even, golden tone.

The Khokhloma dishes, cups and wooden drink pots were used for serving food at holiday feasts. The wooden tableware using at the Moscow house of an important statesman had to look valuable; accordingly, they were modeled on the rich painted plates decorated with real golden fabricated by the jewelers for the luxurious homes of the Russian nobility. Thanks to the special varnish and high-temperature processing they are quite practical and safe in use. You can drink and eat using these Khokhloma tableware, because such wares not sensitive to cold and hot, salty and sour food.

Apart from Khokhloma wood presents of tableware most visitors to Russia will have at least one set of Matrioshka dolls in their luggage. These dolls within dolls have long been a source of fascination. The undoing of the main doll to reveal others almost ad-in-finitem has always produced wonderment and appreciation for the woodcrafts art.

Examples of beautiful Khokhloma wood art presents, Paleh and Mstera lacquered miniatures you can look at art store online site. It is amazing that what started out as a true folk tradition over 300 years ago is still thriving and remains basically true to it's roots, albeit on a more organized scale.

About the Author

Will Nilson, Art News Department of Art store online, 2007.
Online art gift store suggest wood present ideas for home and office decorations!
Here you can view unique art collections of handcrafted wooden tableware and buy any liked wood art gifts.

Hi K

The correct technique for picking is to play with the same technique as if you were strumming.
The hand usually doesn't rest on the guitar. Many guitarist rest their palm on the bridge but when they come to play acoustic, they hardly can't.
Basically, your hand as to float slightly. The best example of what I am saying is to watch the classical guitar players. Their hand floats and only the arm is resting on the guitar.
For acoustic and electric, your fingers may tend to slightly touch the pickguard which is normal.

It's a matter of taste.... here is a good link
You can check the right and left hand position.

http://www.theguitarsuite.com/righthandposition.html

An important thing about the picking hand is that it is as relaxed as possible without fear of dropping the pick.

http://www.zentao.com/guitar/lesson1/handson.jpg

Benefits Of Right Hand Drive Jeeps

Gone are those days when people had no other option than to own a left hand drive vehicle. Like it or not, they had to adjust with it and abide the rules imposed in their state. Thanks to JDM, who had created a great revolution in the market with the introduction of right hand drive (RHD) jeeps. Now people can choose from a left hand drive or a right hand drive vehicle. These RHD's have some salient features that has gained them wide spread popularity. Speaking further lets us drill down oue attention to discuss the benefits of the RHD vehicles.

Right hand drive jeeps are really efficient and comfortable if you reside in a country that has right hand side roadside techniques. Thus it will be easy to understand the traffic signals and signs. RHD is a much needed introduction to those who are not comfortable with the gears in their right hand. In the case of right hand drive, the gearing system is shifted to the other side and people can use their left hand to change the gears. RHD jeeps are relatively cheaper than their counterpart and they also do not lag behind when it comes to speed and power. These days, RHD jeeps are gaining wider attraction for their performance at a low price.

Having said the benefits of these right hand drive jeeps people may have doubt whether these new invention might make their counter part obsolete. This never happens as LHD vehicles have their own benefits and are widely used vehicles. With RHD vehicles into the market, it has given a wider space for the people to choose their vehicle. A conversion from LHD to RHD or vice versa is possible and with this you can change your type of drive at your will if you are not comfortable with a particular drive.

About the Author

Want to know more about these RHD jeeps, look for my articles about Right Hand Drive Jeeps

Funny. That's the second time some elements of this question has come up today. The first answer, dealing with rpm but relevant here, was as follows:

Let’s look at an EMD GP60 for an example with a 710G3 prime mover. Full rack will get you 900 rpm, with a two stage idle point of either 269 rpm or 200 rpm. The higher idle is automatic and is incorporated to guard against low ambient temperature.

Although 900 rpm may seem a slow speed, that is because we tend to think of internal combustion engines on an automotive level. But, when you consider the amount of weight that’s being thrown around internally this number seems to come more into line.

In the case of the 710G3 in a GP60, we are talking about 16 cylinders, each of which displaces nearly the same amount of cubic inches as a typical automotive V6. Adding up the weight of the pistons, connecting rods and crank shaft you have several tons of metal being thrown about.

EMD incorporates two stroke engines. The turbo charger is actually a hybrid, in that it is gear driven up through run #5 then a clutch disengages the drive and it then operates as a true turbo charger in run 6, 7 and 8.

Now, let’s look at older technology with the EMD 645E3 prime mover as one would find in an SD40. Sixteen cylinders with a bore and stroke of 9-1/16” by 10”. These max out at 900 rpm as well, but the idle speed is considerably higher at 315 rpm.

As for switch engines, let’s look at EMD’s SW1500. With a 645E 12 cylinder prime mover, full rack is still 900 rpm, idling at 344 rpm or 584 rpm at idle - switching 2 mode. (That is another question, though.)

Fuel is supplied via rack injection and, since it is a diesel, there is no ignition system to switch off that can stop the motor. The only way is to shut off fuel supply.

So, the limitations have nothing to do with the fuel delivery system, and regardless of altitude since they are all either turbo charged or using roots blowers, but the mass of the internal components, tons worth, can only take so many rpms, proportionally, as is 62 rpms for an engine with 24' long rods.

The prime mover only turns the alternator and there, torque is the name of the game, oodles of which are available right from start-up. As a result, the prime mover will allow the load from the alternator to remain constant and consistent with each of the 8 throttle notches, regardless of speed.

It is a power plant on wheels. A typical 4 unit consist can generate enough electricity to power an entire community.

How Career Training Could Be Your First Step to Success

This article answers frequently asked questions about career training, including what skills it teaches students, how much it costs, and what benefits it offers graduates.

For high school students and recent career switchers, the information this article contains could help you take the first step towards an exciting and rewarding career in the skilled trades industry.

What Types of Career Training Can I Receive?

Training is offered for a variety of jobs in the skilled trades industry. Some programs you might be familiar with include:

• Medical and Dental Assisting
• Computer Networking Specialist
• Automobile or Diesel Mechanic
• Culinary Arts
• HRVAC Technician

For a more extensive list of skilled trades that you can receive job training for, please visit Career Explorer.

What Program is Right for Me?

If you’re not sure what program to enroll in, you may want to take a career aptitude test to determine your strengths.

You can find a variety of these tests online. Some of these tests can be taken for free, but some you may have to pay to take. You can also ask your local trade school or community college if they administer career aptitude tests to students.

Once you have determined your strengths, search for programs that rely on the skills you have to offer.

How Can I Apply?

The admissions process will be different for each school. Some programs may require you to provide more information, or submit additional applications.

Most career training programs will require you to have a high school diploma or GED before applying, though there are some programs that will accept individuals who do not meet this qualification.

The best thing to do is contact the admissions office of your local trade school or community college for more information regarding its specific application process.

How Long Does Training Last?

Depending on the school you attend and the program you choose, the length of your training may vary.

Most career training programs are short, and usually last between six months and two years. You should contact your local trade school or community college before you enroll to find out exactly how long it will take to complete the program you are interested in.

What Type of Degree Will I Receive?

If you attend a trade school (also known as a vocational school), you can expect to receive a certificate or diploma once you have completed your program.

Some community colleges also offer training for certain skilled trades. Training offered by community colleges usually takes the longest amount of time to complete (approximately two years), but you will receive an Associate’s Degrees when you graduate.

How Much Will Career Training Cost?

The cost of your training will vary according to the school you attend and the program you choose. However, training offered at community colleges is usually the most expensive.

Most schools have financial aid available for students who may not be able to pay for their education themselves. Financial aid usually consists of grants and loans. Some schools may offer scholarships to a few exceptional students.

Remember, it is always good idea to save your money to pay for school. This will allow you graduate debt-free with no student loans to pay back.

Is Career Training Offered Online?

Some schools may offer online classes for some of their programs. If so, instructors will post all lecture material and assignments to a designated online site that allows students to log in and work at their own pace.

Online courses may be beneficial for some students, such as those enrolled in information technology programs. For the majority of students, however, in-class instruction will provide much more help.

Students who want to be trained as automobile mechanics or HRVAC technicians cannot learn the skills they need to succeed from a computer. The classroom setting will allow these students the opportunity to gain hands-on experience with the tools and equipment they will need to properly perform their jobs in the real world.

How Does Career Training Differ from a Traditional College Education?

One way that career training differs from a traditional college education is its absence of liberal arts classes.

Traditional college students must take a broad range of liberal arts classes to satisfy what most colleges refer to as “general education requirements.” English majors might take classes in Biology, while Engineering majors may take classes in Philosophy.

Students interested in pursuing job training at a trade school or community college, however, do not have to fulfill any “general education requirements” and can take only those classes that provide them with specific job-related skills.

In addition, the amount of time students need to complete training in a technical college is significantly less than the time needed to complete a traditional college education.

Students who enroll in a traditional college usually spend four years taking classes before they are able to graduate, while those who enroll in technical colleges often complete their training in about one year.

What Benefits Will I Receive from Career Training?

Students who enroll in a career training program will receive benefits such as:

• Hands-on classes
• Job placement
• Course variety
• Personalized study
• Practical schedules

In addition, completing a career training program will provide you with the skills necessary to help you separate yourself from other potential job seekers who do not share your level of expertise.

Could Job Training from North American Trade Schools Be a Good Fit for Me?

At North American Trade Schools, we know what it's like to be unhappy with your job. Everyone's been there at some point. But there are other options! ...

Career training can get you ready for a new job; a job that's in-demand and reliable. At North American Trade Schools, we will give you the technical training you need to change your job and your life.

For over 30 years, North American Trade Schools has realized that the most important career decision you'll make is where to receive your new career training. Our philosophy says it all: Real people. Real training. Real jobs.

Take a look at what one of our students had to say about us:
“North American Trade Schools changed my life! I worked the same dead-end desk job for three years before I finally decided to call them and make a change. It was the best decision I ever made! Now I’m working as an HRVAC technician. My job is always in-demand and each day is a different adventure. Thank you North American Trade Schools!” – Paul Northrup, Ellicott City, MD

If you're near Baltimore, MD and have been looking into job training for diesel technology, building construction, electrical technology or commercial truck driving, North American Trade Schools may have a program for you.

Please contact us at (800) 638-5490, or fill out our online form at http://www.natradeschools.com to let us help you start planning your future today.

About the Author

For over 30 years, North American Trade Schools has realized that the most important career decision you'll make is new career training. If you're near Baltimore, MD and have been looking into job training for diesel technology, building construction, electrical technology or commercial truck driving, North American Trade Schools has a job training program in Baltimore, MD for you.

I used to work for housekeeping in a hotel. The front desk notifies housekeeping on a daily basis what rooms are empty but need to be cleaned and what rooms guest will be checking out of that day. As there's usually a noon check-out time, housekeeping staff works on the already empty rooms and the occupied rooms (for those that want daily cleaning, that is) first. After check out time, housekeeping moves on to the newly vacated rooms, making them ready for the next guests to check in after 4PM (or whenever the check-in time is). Periodically, more detailed cleaning projects are included such as bleaching the bathroom tiles. These are scheduled around room availability.

Basically, each person in housekeeping is assigned a certain number of rooms to clean each day. If one person finishes their rooms before the end of their shift, they help out the other people to get the rooms done. All rooms need to be cleaned by the end of the shift otherwise fewer rooms are available to be rented out and the hotel can lose money.

Puddle of Mudd Come Clean Rock Music CD Review

The exceptionally talented Rock group Puddle Of Mudd have released their CD entitled Come Clean. I am very confident and happy to announce that I believe Puddle Of Mudd fans, and Rock fans alike will be pleased with this one. With the release of Come Clean their artistic excellence is on full display as they have once again delivered a brilliant collection of tracks that could very well be their best work to date.

Puddle Of Mudd have been a heavy hitters in the Rock genre for quite some time now and Come Clean is an excellent illustration as to why.

One of the nicer things about a CD like this is when the talent is this rich even if Rock isn’t your favorite style you still can’t help but appreciate the greatness of the musicians.

Overall Come Clean is excellent from beginning to end. One of those CDs that after a few listens the songs are just etched into your memory. A must have for the Rock fan. Really spectacular from beginning to end.

While this entire album is outstanding the truly standout tunes are track 3 - Out Of My Head, track 7 - Bring Me Down, and track 11 - P*** It All Away.

My Bonus Pick, and the one that got Sore [...as in "Stuck On REpeat"] is track 1 - Control. This is a great track!

Come Clean Release Notes:

Puddle Of Mudd originally released Come Clean on August 28, 2001 on the Flawless / Geffen label.

CD Track List Follows:

1. Control 2. Drift & Die 3. Out Of My Head 4. Nobody Told Me 5. Blurry 6. She Hates Me 7. Bring Me Down 8. Never Change 9. Basement 10. Said 11. P*** It All Away

Come Clean Album Notes Puddle Of Mudd: Wesley Reid Scantlin (vocals, guitar); Paul James Phillips (guitar, background vocals); Douglas John Ardito (bass, background vocals); Greg Upchurch (drums, background vocals).

Recorded at Third Stone Recording and NRG Studios, North Hollywood, California.

About the Author

King67 is a Pitstop On The Information Superhighway; a Repository of Celebrity Gossip, Interesting News, Hot New Gadgets, Mind Boggling Trivia, Science and Technology, and More. www.king67.com

I know why you are asking this. My wife has tried, but she does not know what to get!

So, let me help you by making suggestions about what I [the person with everything train related] would like from someone who knows me and my passion for trains & railroading:

- I have found T shirts, pins & caps of some of my favorite railroads and tourist lines fun to wear while out botching around
- some neat magnets for the fridge of my favorite railroads
- signs of favorite railroads
- my wife got me a picture, framed and all [about 18 X 30"] of a nice steam engine scene
- some neat train & railroad related calendars are fun
- little gift type things that hang on wall, railroad related
- coffee cups of favorite railroads

OK, here, go the these websites and see if any of this tickles your fancy:
http://www.railroadcatalog.com/
http://www.classicrail.com/store.html
http://www.zazzle.com/rail+road+gifts
http://www.everythingrailroads.com/railroads/

Sounds like you are in Europe somewhere, and most of these are USA stuff, but these will at least get you started, and you'll find something for this person whom has 'everything'!
[Can't have 'everything', really!]

Building the Ultimate Toy Train Collection

Toy train and model railroad enthusiasts across the world are not shy about showing off their collections. In fact, a great deal of time goes into building their ultimate toy train collection and layouts. Serious collectors know how much time and energy goes into their creations. Weather you are a new collector, or someone who has been collecting toy trains for many years, the same goals are shared when it comes to both train layouts and design.

The joy each train collector experiences when building their display is like no other. Train collections usually feature vintage trains manufactured by some of the best in the industry, such as Lionel, Marklin, Fleischmann, and Rivarossi. The possibilities are endless when it comes to designing train layouts, ranging from O Scale and HO Scale creations, to N Scale and G Scale creations.

Each model train enthusiast has their individual preference when it comes to collecting various train sets, train cars, and locomotives. Year after year collectors from across the world gather at train shows, train expos, and other train meets. The chances of discovering rare and classic model train collections are quite good when attending these events, so these events are something collectors thoroughly enjoy and look forward to.

The average person would not know the core differences in each train design, but the serious train collectors generally know what to look for. Many years of experience will only help enthusiasts obtain more and more useful knowledge. The knowledge which is obtained will usually have a clear effect on how their train layouts are built and designed.

When building and assembling a train layout, there are a series of steps and preparations that most builders follow. These may include choosing the train track layout, choosing the specific type of train gauge to use, and choosing the type of method in which the track will be secured. Builders will then decide what type of models and landscaping fit best with the type of train layout being built. Many common types of scenery will include mountains, bridges, as well as an assortment of towns, cities, and villages.

It's quite amazing how unique and creative many train layouts turn out once all the hard work is completed. And some of the best train collectors and train layout designers will often explain that their layouts are never complete, simply because they continue to modify and build additions to each and every single one of their creations. When a collectors' trains are on display and showcased for all to see, one of the biggest rewards he or she can receive is a simple smile from their audience taking interest in the model train layout shown before them.

About the Author

Publisher of Train Sale, a highly active and updated model railroad website featuring toy trains for sale. Popular trains for sale include Lionel, Marklin, Rivarossi, Fleischmann, IHC, and more.

What's in the Bin File?

The BIN File Format is used to denote those large files which consist of complete files present on the CD. This .Bin File Format can be used for creating new CD’s from this file. This CD which is made from the .BIN File Format shall be the exact replica of the original file. The software which creates the CD by using .BIN File Format requires a .CUE File. This .CUE File gives information about the data in the .BIN File. It shall contain the name of the complete file.

There are various programs available on the internet which can emulate CD/ DVD Drive which have a .BIN File Name Format. By loading .BIN in the program it shows extra drives in windows similar to the CD/ DVD drives. This .BIN drive shall be the hard disk.

There are various uses attached to .BIN File Format but the most popular are the images of CD/DVD and ROM’s. Windows uses .BIN File Format for SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) as mib.bin. Not only this but the printer driver also uses .BIN File Format.

Some other places where .BIN File Format can be used are in emulation software. These days as online gaming is becoming popular, storage of same is becoming a big problem and the same can be easily tackled by storing such files in .zip format which has number of .BIN Files. By using a smart unzip program, these files can be used and stored in original size.

Bin File Format extensions are used to represent the image of a CD/DVD. Some other related file formats may be .CUE File Format and .ISO File Format. The simplest and easiest way to use these files is to burn them. These can be burned either into a CD or a DVD. NERO is a very popular and common program which can help convert these files easily from the .BIN, .CUE and .ISO File Format to digital media disks.

The best thing about these files is that they can be used as virtual drives to denote a CD or DVD. Various programs can be used to mount these files. Daemon tools is one such program which can be used to do so. Some other programs are available on the net but have to be purchased to use. Microsoft also has a free program for converting these files to media disk format.

.Bin File Format is not only the copy of CD/ DVD but also stores data in exact format be it music, games, video or any other software. .Bin File is not a collection of file but an exact duplicate of the volume attributes, bootable information, system specific data and raw data of the disc which is copied sector wise.

Some great extractors can be used for extracting data form these .BIN File Formats like Magic ISO. These softwares allow users extract open and even edit the files in the .Bin File Format which other softwares do not allow.

So, the next time you would like to convert your .BIN File format to ISO and convert all data into media disk use a good converter and check online for the numerous option on softwares available which shall help you extract and edit the information stored on these .Bin File Formats.

About the Author

A list of free tools and tutorials that will let you convert your disk image files from various proprietary formats (e.g. BIN to ISO, IMG to ISO, DMG to ISO and so on) to the universally supported ISO format. For details http://w-shadow.com/blog/2008/07/19/convert-anything-to-iso

The Care And Feeding Of Die Cast Collections

There are die cast model cars and then, well, there are toys. Where is the dividing line and how to serious collectors of die cast vehicles judge the quality of their collections? Like most things, there's more to this collecting passion than meets the eye.

Die cast collectors must consider a number of factors that are shared by people in the larger collecting world. How common or rare is a piece they own, what's the condition, who made the item, is it associated with an important event or person, is it part of a complete set or one-of-a kind?

Quality Components

Since the quality of die cast vehicles has evolved over the past century, the value of a car may be related to the year it was produced. Most of the cars manufactured in the early 1900s were made with metal alloys not nearly as durable as today's metals and polymer plastics. They were simple shells, with painted exteriors and interior details such as steering wheels, seats and dashboards. In this case, owners of early die cast model cars might expect a little rust or hairline cracks on their collectible. However, the fact that they own an intact die cast car from this era is a rarity. Of course, the better the condition, the higher the value.

As die cast vehicles became more popular, they also became more detailed. Interiors of cars and trucks were faithfully reproduced. More innovations such as working steering wheels and doors were introduced. The industry became increasingly competitive and some die cast cars were treated like jewelry - polished and presented in the finest detail and packaging possible. Limited editions were introduced specifically to interest the growing number of serious collectors who could count on rarity to enhance their investment.

Getting Serious about Die Cast

A culture developed along with the number of casual and serious collectors. There were questions about how best to preserve and display die cast collections. People were interested in the value of their pieces and completing entire themed collections. For many people, die cast collecting moved from a hobby to a serious passion.

Like all collectors, the buyer is expected to be the ultimate judge of his or her die cast investment. The value of a model is often in its adherence to exact historical detail. Buyers purchase models from manufacturers they trust have done research and cut no corners when it comes to accuracy.

It's said that a perfect model is one that looks like the real thing, displayed on a showroom floor and ready to be driven away. That means paint jobs and upholstery must reflect historical reality - not the whimsy of the manufacturer. For cars of appropriate eras, working doors, trunks, hoods and other moving parts should be operational. In these matters, an educated collector has the edge on the casual buyer. Collectors not only know the details of the cars, they know which manufacturers adhere to precise detail and deliver what's promised.

Maintaining and Maturing

Collections also require care from the moment of purchase. Experts advise owners to apply a thin coat of wax to new die cast models using a very soft cloth and Q-Tips to get into the corners and crevasses. Only a light application of wax will help repel dust and clean up any hairline scratches that might mar the finish. They caution to not spray wax directly on the model because wax can build up and dry in places you can't reach - a cotton cloth instead of a chamois is recommended. Once waxed, a quick buffing makes the model ready for brilliant display.

That said, it's often the untouched die cast replica that commands the highest prices. In the collecting niche this is known as Mint in Box (MIB). All the packaging and foam that protects the model is untouched and the accompanying paperwork is saved. Some collectors find this level of "investment" isn't quite as enjoyable as handling and arranging their collections so cars can be appreciated from all angles. Of course, these cars require careful dusting with soft cloths and small, soft bristled brushes from time to time.

There are several group websites and auction sites to help collectors assess the value of their die cast treasures. Whether for pleasure or profit - or perhaps both - die cast model collectors share a love of nostalgia and accuracy for vehicles that never have to stop at the pump to keep on providing pleasure.

About the Author

Visit us to see our complete line of
model cars
and
diecast cars
including
Porsche Diecast Model Cars
.

I've had a Traxxas NItro Rustler for several years and beat it to death and it is still going strong. I like Traxxas because of the SPEED and the huge amount of spare parts available.

Pro's and Cons of buying an RC car ! Dont buy a RC car until you have read this

Radio controlled cars make great gifts for kids and also adults. They are a good way to have fun and with a range of radio controlled nitro, petrol, electric models to choose from it can be overwhelming. Do not worry read our guidelines below, for a brief comparison on the big 3.

There is a huge choice so firstly you'll need to decide the power source - 1. Nitro cars are run on a special fuel mixture of oil, methanol, and nitromethane. This nitro fuel can be easily bought from model shops or online and is worth the little bit of extra effort. The speed and power of nitro radio controlled cars is awesome and is second to none, there are many benefits to the nitro RC car and once its broken in they can reach speeds of 30 - 75 MPH and can race on tracks or join a hobby club in this exciting world of RC cars.

 A single gallon of fuel will keep a nitro vehicle going for about 6 - 7 hours before needing to be refilled so you can keep going always with short cooling down periods in between, you can buy a 2.2 litre of nitro fuel for around £14 and will fill a nitro car about 30 times.

But with electric powered models there are limits as once the batteries have run down, you'll need to recharge before using again. Most nitro rc cars are (RTR) ready to run out the box.

 All that is needed is a "glow start, fuel, batteries" and most importantly READ THE INSTRUCTIONS as it would be a shame to ruin your new radio controlled nitro car simply because you did not bother to read the manual. There is more maintenance involved in a radio controlled nitro car and you would need to learn to clean, tune, maintain and upgrade it but this is very easy and will give you an understanding of how these models work.

CONDOR NITRO BUGGYS These are one of the best models made from "Acme" these nitro buggys are fast on or off road models and are great fun. Made with a quality made team infinity engine and loaded with upgrades and can handle rough terrain and are tough models that will give you hours of fun over an over.

Whatever you get be a RC truck, buggy, car or truggys make sure you can always get parts for your model and help as in this hobby you may crash it hard and need to re-fix the broken parts before using again.

Self build RC models are a great way to learn about how it all works and is great fun to build it yourself and most model kits come all packed in stages so you'll build it slowly and typically takes around 8 - 12 hours to fully build . Because of the fuel handling nitro models are for ages 14+ unless an adult is there to set up as they also get hot and need careful handling at all times.

 For speed and a real experience in RC cars, then nitro is the way to go. ELECTRIC MODELS Electric radio controlled cars are also fast cool models and the newer brush-less models can run 30MPH out the box ! These are a easier way to start if you are a beginner, electric models are easy to use and maintain just charge up the battery pack and your off racing around. I recommend using rechargeable batteries as this will save you a lot money and time. Radio controlled cars use power from the battery and they can drain in no time so a wise choice to invest in some.

Electric radio controlled cars or trucks are ideal for someone who wants to run out the box and no maintenance required. They are quieter than nitro or petrol models and generally very straight forward to use and little more than a wipe down is all that is needed.

There is a huge choice so firstly you'll need to decide the power source - 1. Nitro cars are run on a special fuel mixture of oil, methanol, and nitromethane. This nitro fuel can be easily bought from model shops or online and is worth the little bit of extra effort. The speed and power of nitro radio controlled cars is awesome and is second to none, there are many benefits to the nitro RC car and once its broken in they can reach speeds of 30 - 75 MPH and can race on tracks or join a hobby club in this exciting world of RC cars.

 A single gallon of fuel will keep a nitro vehicle going for about 6 - 7 hours before needing to be refilled so you can keep going always with short cooling down periods in between, you can buy a 2.2 litre of nitro fuel for around £14 and will fill a nitro car about 30 times. But with electric powered models there are limits as once the batteries have run down, you'll need to recharge before using again. Most nitro rc cars are (RTR) ready to run out the box.

All that is needed is a "glow start, fuel, batteries" and most importantly READ THE INSTRUCTIONS as it would be a shame to ruin your new radio controlled nitro car simply because you did not bother to read the manual. There is more maintenance involved in a radio controlled nitro car and you would need to learn to clean, tune, maintain and upgrade it but this is very easy and will give you an understanding of how these models work. CONDOR NITRO BUGGYS These are one of the best models made from "Acme" these nitro buggys are fast on or off road models and are great fun.

 Made with a quality made team infinity engine and loaded with upgrades and can handle rough terrain and are tough models that will give you hours of fun over an over. Whatever you get be a RC truck, buggy, car or truggys make sure you can always get parts for your model and help as in this hobby you may crash it hard and need to re-fix the broken parts before using again.

Self build RC models are a great way to learn about how it all works and is great fun to build it yourself and most model kits come all packed in stages so you'll build it slowly and typically takes around 8 - 12 hours to fully build . Because of the fuel handling nitro models are for ages 14+ unless an adult is there to set up as they also get hot and need careful handling at all times. For speed and a real experience in RC cars, then nitro is the way to go.

ELECTRIC MODELS Electric radio controlled cars are also fast cool models and the newer brush-less models can run 30MPH out the box ! These are a easier way to start if you are a beginner, electric models are easy to use and maintain just charge up the battery pack and your off racing around. I recommend using rechargeable batteries as this will save you a lot money and time.

Radio controlled cars use power from the battery and they can drain in no time so a wise choice to invest in some. Electric radio controlled cars or trucks are ideal for someone who wants to run out the box and no maintenance required.

They are quieter than nitro or petrol models and generally very straight forward to use and little more than a wipe down is all that is needed.

About the Author

mr andrew bax . Please feel free to visit our website for advice or help on radio controlled cars, buggys, trucks and radio controlled helicopters.
We have a large selection of RC nitro petrol buggys at the lowest prices and are official retailers on ACME condor nitro buggy's and accessories.
All our products are good quality hobby grade models, NOT the cheap ones that fall apart and break and end up in the bin.
All our rc models have full parts back up so you'll always be able to get new parts or to upgrade your model. http://www.coolnitrocars.com

Interestingly you have opened a book that piqued my interest..Here's some more information on the B&O lines in the area:
http://forgottenchicago.com/features/chicago-infrastructure/south-shore-bo-spur/

Model Railroad Scenery – How to Create Realistic Looking Rock Structures

If you've ever marveled at realistic looking rock scenery on model railroads and wondered how they were created, this article describes in detail how you too can easily achieve the same results.

These are the items you will need:

· Newspaper
· Masking tape
· Plaster of Paris or Hydrocal plaster
· Acrylic paints in burnt umber, raw umber, raw sienna, white and slate grey colors
· Art paint brush and craft sponge brush
· Assorted items for shaping plaster, such as spatulas and plastic knives
 
The first step is deciding where you want that rock face, outcropping or rocky hill will be on your railroad layout. 
Unless you're modeling a section of the Grand Canyon, bear in mind that rock structures usually emerge from areas of foliage and greenery. And it is precisely this contrast that makes the scene look interesting and real.
 
Before you proceed any further, cover any areas on your layout near the section you're planning to work on. Wet plaster drips and tends to get on everything no matter how careful you are. Whenever I work with plaster, I tape over my railroad tracks with painter's masking tape and cover larger areas with cling wrap or aluminum foil. Aluminum foil is also great because, for this purpose, it's reusable. 
 
Once you have decided on the placement of your rock scenery, make up several wads of small pieces of newspaper. On my HO scale layout I use sizes varying from 2 to 4 inches in length, in varying thicknesses.  Use a size that you think is best for your layout scale.  Larger wads will create bigger outcroppings on the rock face.
 
Using masking tape, attach the wads of newspaper to the area where the rock outcroppings will be. Cover the wads completely with the masking tape. Try to go for a layered arrangement that looks random and not man-made. Don't worry, it will look much better and come together with a very natural look after you complete the next few steps.
 
Mix up some Plaster of Paris or Hydrocal plaster following the instructions on the packaging. Hydrocal is very lightweight but considerably more expensive than Plaster of Paris.  Plaster sets quickly so mix up smaller quantities and work with it in small batches. Be sure to thoroughly rinse out the mixing container and spatula between batches as any dried residue plaster will interfere with how the new batch sets up. 
 
Now comes the fun, albeit messy bit.
 
Using a spatula, apply plaster over the newspaper and masking tape wads. Remember to keep the texture random -- smooth in some areas, craggy in others. Use a plastic knife to add more detail to the rock face with vertical or horizontal striations. Notice how the newspaper wads beneath the surface give the rock a three-dimensional look. 
 
Stand back, admire your handiwork and let the plaster dry overnight.
 
Adding color to our rock is the final step to complete scenic realism.
 
I usually choose a combination of raw sienna, raw umber, burnt umber and slate grey acrylic paints. The colors should be diluted with water to a thin wash so that we are not actually painting the rock but staining it.
 
Using a paint brush or sponge brush, apply the washes in a random series of spots of burnt umber, raw umber and raw sienna. Go easy on the darker colors as they tend to dominate and, if overused, can make your scenery look somewhat somber. Then, apply a very dilute wash of slate grey over the whole rock face and over the other colors. The grey wash unifies the other color combinations into a very realistic look.
 
Finally, very sparingly dry brush undiluted white acrylic paint in areas for highlights and to create a sun-bleached effect.     
 
As you can see, it doesn't take exceptional artistic talent to create realistic looking rock on your model railroad layout. But use these ideas as a starting point and feel free to experiment with ideas of your own. Try different materials and coloring techniques. You'll be pleasantly surprised at what you may come with.
 
And don't forget, as scenic modelers we must constantly observe nature for an infinite supply of new ideas.

About the Author

Clinton Carnegie is a music instructor and jazz/rock guitarist and has produced 2 CDs under his name. He has been a model railroad enthusiast for 2 years and The Sunny Model Railroad is his first layout.
http://thesunnymodelrailroad.blogspot.com/
http://cdbaby.com/cd/carnegie

They have made their site look like Twitter by using a similar layout and images and then adding twitters actual links.

Check their source code and you'll see how they are doing it.. with css and html.

Hidden Dog Fence for Your Dog

Almost everyone who has a pet at home knows value of added exercise and the troublesome task of confining him within the boundaries of their own property. This task is especially difficult with dogs as they take it as a personal challenge to try and defy the fence boundaries.

However, you can train your dog to respect his boundaries with the help of an invisible, underground wired dog fence / pet containment fence. These pet fences are a great  containment solution that lets you train your dog in an effective way to stay home, even when deer or squirrels run by!  These fences are completely invisible to the eye and they allow your dog to roam freely and safely in your yard.

Hidden Fence Company gives you a modern humane training program. While training carefully, we also recognize the need for a strong correction when dogs are fully trained yet willing to challenge your fence.  We have more power than we tend to ever use, instead relying on good training.

This invisible pet confinement system gives you all this and much more. No, these fences won’t hurt the beauty of your front yard or lawn, as they are completely invisible to the eye.  To the degree that you like how your property looks now, that is the degree you will like an electronic dog fence.

The system works in a very simple manner. You are given a dog collar that your dog must wear. This collar has a small transmitter that receives signals from the electric fence that is wired underground. As soon as the dog comes too close to the fence, a slight electric current is passed to the dog-collar and dog gets a small shock that acts as deterrent. Slowly, the dog will understand that he is not supposed to go near the yard boundaries.

According to your convenience and requirements, you can choose any layout of the fence. The service provider will also give you a full briefing and will give you all the knowledge about the system, which will help you in training your dog effectively.

And guess what? In just 1 to 4 weeks, you can train as many dogs as you want with just one invisible buried wire pet containment fence.

There are other dog fences providers available, but Hiddenfence.com is longest standing Northern NJ contractor in the pet fence industry.  Come visit our showroom at 304 Route 10, Randolph NJ.  We serve these New Jersey counties: Bergen, Essex, Hunterdon, Morris, Passaic, Somerset, Sussex, Union and Warren.

About the Author

Mansi Gupta Highly Recommends that you visit dog fencing for more information on pet and invisible..

I work mostly in N-Scale, but have subscribed to "Model Railroader" magazine for several years now and have seen several brands of magnetic couplers.

Just as an example, I use "Micro-Trains" Magne-Matic couplers: http://www.micro-trains.com

I use a mix of solid-magnets and electromagnets on my layout.

Here's a link to the NMRA, they might have more info: http://www.nmra.org/#railway